ABSTRACT The ability to maintain high competitiveness under a wide range of conditions is common among successful invasive species. The performance of rhizomatous macrophytes in different habitats is closely related to morphological and physiological adaptations in the rhizome system. We investigated the effects of soil moisture conditions on the microstructure of rhizomes of Hedychium coronarium (Zingiberaceae), an aggressive invader of Neotropical riparian sites. We collected rhizome fragments of H. coronarium and soil samples in wet and dry regions of riparian areas dominated by this species in southeastern Brazil. We measured soil moisture content gravimetrically and rhizome fragments were fixed, sectioned, and stained for histological analysis. Only rhizomes from wet regions exhibited aerenchyma, whereas amyloplasts were much more abundant and larger in rhizomes from dry regions than in rhizomes from wet regions. Even though low starch content in wet soils indicates the occurrence of anaerobic metabolism, the presence of aerenchyma may contribute to the typically high performance of H. coronarium in waterlogged soils. Although further studies are needed to assess how responses at the rhizome level affect the competitive ability of H. coronarium, our findings show that they may play a role in the dominance of this species in Neotropical riparian sites.

ABSTRACT Biological invasions have negative impacts on different ecosystem-level functions, such as nutrient cycling. In aquatic environments, exotic litter can change the activity of the decomposer microbiota. We tested whether litter quality, litter decay, and enzyme activity differed between nativeEgeria densaand exoticHydrilla verticillata. The invasive plant presented higher lignin and lower cellulose content than the native plant. Both species showed rapid fibre decay in the first five days.E. densahad higher cellulose and hemicellulose decay thanH. verticillatta. Although the species did not exhibit differences in enzyme activity over time,E. densahad a higher enzymatic efficiency thanH. verticillata. This differential enzymatic performance can cause changes in the mineralisation processes of the invaded environments. The lower decomposition rates for invasive litter, associated with differences in litter quality, could increase the amount of particulate organic material in invaded environments.

Abstract The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been prioritized in relation to other illnesses considered critical, such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases/stroke, diabetes, and autoimmune diseases. The management of patients with these diseases involves dental care to reduce systemic complications caused by odontogenic infections, and/or to treat oral manifestations of systemic comorbidities. In this regard, the dental care of these individuals must be guaranteed during the pandemic. Although a high risk of exposure to and catching of COVID-19 is expected to befall dental professionals, biosafety guidelines reduce the likelihood of infection. Thus, the current scenario poses challenges, and offers decision-making approaches and tools that facilitate the management of individuals with oral manifestations of chronic and/or critical diseases, using hospital-based services. This article presents an overview for hospital service providers who are at the forefront of COVID-19 care, including a secure protocol, and clinical guidelines based on the experience of the Hospital das Clínicas in Belo Horizonte, a public referral service, supported by the Brazilian National Health System.

Abstract In this paper, we consider coupled disk-shaped resonators separated by a thin dielectric substrate that can be used as frequency-tunable filters or as electromagnetic switches in the terahertz frequency band. The two disks are electromagnetically coupled and resonate with dipole plasmonic modes. By using a Temporal Coupled-Mode Theory based approach, we show how to analytically calculate the frequency response of such structures.The analytical results are in good agreement with those obtained from computational simulations based on the finite element method.

The sensation of pain at the surgical site may be increased and persist for long periods after the noxious stimulus has been removed. Post-operative pain from the extraction of impacted molar may cause serious discomfort to the patient resulting in considered moderate to severe in intensity. Analgesia for this surgical procedure is related to the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, steroids, analgesics of central and peripheral actions used in combination or individually. The aim of this review is to show an update about the use and the physiological bases for indications of the analgesic therapy in third molar surgery.

La sensación de dolor en el sitio quirúrgico puede ser mayor y persistente por largos periodos de tiempo después de que el estímulo nocivo ha sido retirado. El dolor postoperatorio desde la extracción de un molar impactado puede causar molestias moderadas o severas en intensidad. La analgesia para estos procedimientos son relacionadas con el uso de fármacos antiinflamatorios no esteroidales, esteroides, analgésicos de acción central y periféricos utilizados en combinación o individualmente. El objetivo de esta revisión es mostrar una puesta al día en el uso y las bases fisiológicas para la indicación de terapia analgésica en cirugía de tercer molar.

RESUMOVários artigos vêm mostrando que os sistemas de metrô causam impactos na qualidade do ar, através da emissão de material particulado. No entanto, não há informações disponíveis sobre o efeito desse impacto na vegetação. Folhas de árvores de três espécies diferentes localizadas do lado da saída de dutos de um metrô no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, se mostraram mais assimétricas do que as de árvores localizadas do lado da entrada. Essas folhas também apresentaram alterações na camada de cera epicuticular e no conteúdo de clorofila.

ABSTRACTWhile a number of papers have shown that subway systems have an impact on the air quality through the release of particulate matters, no information about the impact of such particles on tree attributes is available. Tree leaves from three different species from the exit side of a subway station in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, were more asymmetrical than leaves from the entrance side. This leaves also presenting changes in leaves cuticle and chlorophyll content.

The aim of the present study was the morphometric evaluation of the epithelial lining and fibrous capsule in histological specimens of keratocystic odontogenic tumors (KOTs) before and after marsupialization. Histological sections from six KOTs that had undergone marsupialization followed by enucleation were photographed. The thickness and features of the capsule and of the epithelial lining of the tumor were evaluated upon marsupialization and upon subsequent enucleation using Axion Vision software. The histological specimens taken upon marsupialization presented an epithelial lining that is typical of KOTs. After marsupialization, the enucleated specimens had a modified epithelial lining and a fibrous capsule that both presented a greater median thickness (p = 0.0277 and p = 0.0212, respectively), morphological changes, and significant enlargement. These modifications can facilitate full surgical treatment and may well be related to a low KOT recurrence rate.

Espécies invasoras podem causar alterações estruturais e funcionais nos ecossistemas invadidos, tais como alterações na cadeia trófica. Neste trabalho, descrevemos o primeiro registro de herbivoria de rametas de lírio-do-brejo, erva daninha aquática agressiva no Brasil, por capivaras em uma área de várzea de uma reserva de Cerrado. Este é o primeiro registro de herbivoria de rametas de H. coronarium em áreas invadidas. As capivaras desta região podem estar se utilizando dos bancos de lírio-do-brejo como habitat e como recurso alimentar, o que poderia ocasionar alterações na competição aparente entre esta invasora e as macrófitas nativas.

Invasive species can cause structural and functional changes in their non-native habitats, such as changes in the trophic chain. We describe ramet herbivory of butterfly ginger, an aggressive aquatic weed in Brazil, by capybaras in a floodplain area of a Cerrado reserve. This is the first record of herbivory of H. coronarium in invaded areas. Capybaras could be using the butterfly ginger as habitat and as a food resource, which could cause changes in apparent competition between these invasive and native macrophytes.

Este trabalho apresenta uma análise da climatologia de frentes frias e do regime de ventos induzido por esses fenômenos sobre a Região Metropolitana de São Paulo (RMSP), no período de 21 anos (1987 a 2007). Foram utilizados dados de vento da estação meteorológica do IAG/USP, localizada no bairro da Água Funda - São Paulo - SP. Os resultados mostram que três frentes, em média, chegam a RMSP mensalmente, sendo que sua freqüência é maior nos meses de março a maio, e de agosto a dezembro. Com relação ao vento, esse mostrou-se mais intenso nos dias anteriores a passagem da frente fria, mínimo na chegada, aumentando gradativamente nos dias seguintes (quando sua direção é predominantemente de sudeste (90% da velocidade média, e 70% das rajadas). As correlações feitas entre frentes frias e a dinâmica nos reservatórios mostraram que, em média, o tempo de resposta de um evento para outro foi de 2 a 3 dias na represa Guarapiranga, e 3 a 4 dias na represa Billings. Os parâmetros físico-químicos medidos nas represas foram temperatura (C), pH e Turbidez (NTU).

This study presents an analysis of climatology of cold fronts and wind regimes induced by these phenomena over the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo (MRSP) within a time period of 21 years from 1987 to 2007. The wind data series were acquired from the IAG/USP meteorological station, located at Água Funda neighborhood of São Paulo City. The results showed that three fronts, on average, reached the MRSP monthly, and their frequency is higher from March to May and from August to December. Winds showed to be more intense few days before the cold front passage. During the cold front arriving day, wind velocity was at lowest value, increasing gradually in the following days, when the direction was predominantly from southeast quadrant (90 % around the mean velocity and 70 % of the gusts). The correlations between the cold fronts and the dynamics of the reservoirs showed that, in average, the time lag between these events was 2 to 3 days for Guarapiranga Reservoir and 3 to 4 days for Billings Reservoir. The physical-chemical parameters measured in the reservoirs were temperature (C), pH and Turbidity (NTU).

Justificación y objetivo: En la actualidad, las enfermedades de transmisión alimentaria, incluyendo las diarreas e intoxicaciones, constituyen uno de los problemas de salud pública de mayor importancia a nivel mundial, ya que ocasionan alta morbilidad y mortalidad, generan grandes costos a los servicios de salud, pérdidas económicas, demandas y pérdida de confianza de los consumidores. El objetivo del trabajo es analizar la información disponible en el Centro Nacional de Referencia en Bacteriología del INCIENSA (CNRB), de los brotes de diarrea e intoxicaciones alimentarias ocurridos en 2005, en los que se refirieron muestras clínicas o de alimentos, para identificar los agentes y vehículos de infección asociados. Materiales y métodos:Se realizó el análisis descriptivo de la información epidemiológica y de laboratorio disponible en el CNRB en relación con los brotes de diarrea e intoxicaciones alimentarias ocurridos en 2005. Resultados:Durante el período el CNRB documentó 23 brotes de diarrea e intoxicaciones alimentarias, para un total aproximado de 819 afectados, en su mayoría procedentes de la gran área metropolitana. Trece de los brotes fueron intrafamiliares (diez de ellos debidos a especies y serotipos de Shigella); sin embargo, el mayor número de enfermos se presentó en los brotes comunitarios y los que se produjeron en poblaciones cautivas, asociados a rotavirus, Escherichia coli enterotoxigénica y Clostridium perfringens productor de toxina A, con 518, 138 y 54 enfermos, respectivamente. Conclusión:Estos hallazgos evidencian deficiencias en la cadena de transporte, conservación y manipulación de los alimentos, así como en la higiene personal, y pueden ser de utilidad para la implementación de intervenciones inmediatas.

Justification and objective:Food borne diseases ncluding diarrhea and food poisoning represent one of the major public health problems worldwide, since they cause high morbidity and mortality, generate great health service and economic losses, law suits and consumer distrust. This study analyze information available in the Bacteriology National Reference Center from INCIENSA, regarding diarrhea and food poisoning outbreaks that took place in the year 2005, where clinical and/or food samples were sent to INCIENSA in order to identify the agents and vehicles associated with the infections. Materials and methods:A descriptive analysis of the laboratory and epidemiological data concerning the 2005 foodborne intoxications and diarrheal outbreaks was performed. Results:During 2005, CNRB documented a total of 23 diarrheal outbreaks and food poisonings for an approximate total of 819 cases, mainly from the Great Metropolitan Area. Thirteen of the outbreaks were intra-familiar (ten of them due to different Shigella species and serotypes); however, the largest number of cases was found in community outbreaks and in captive populations, associated with rotavirus, enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and toxin A producer Clostridium perfringens, with 518, 138 and 54 cases respectively. Conclusion: These findings suggest deficiencies in the transportation, conservation and manipulation food chain, including personal hygiene and could be useful for the implementation of immediate interventions.

Idiopathic osteosclerosis (IO) is described as a localized no expansible radiopacity with unknown etiology. The IO is generally asymptomatic and could appear as round, elliptical or irregular in shape. The internal aspect is usually uniformly radiopaque. IO should be distinguished from condensing osteitis of dental origin, or other alveolar bone related radiopacities such as periapical cemental dysplasia. This condition may cause changes in tooth position or problems during orthodontic treatment. The purpose of the present study is to report a case of tooth resorption caused by ectopic eruption rote caused by IO. This condition represents a rare complication of IO.

We reported a case of varicosities in the buccal mucosa treated with sclerotherapy. The sclerosant agent used was the monoethanolamine oleate. After three sessions the lesions disappeared and the patient is follow-up.

Describimos un caso clínico de varices en la mucosa yugal que fue tratado con escleroterapia. El agente esclerosante usado fue oleato de monoetanolamina. Después de la tercera sesión las varices desparecieron y la paciente mejoro.